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Installation de Docker en ligne de commande

The Docker installation package available in the official Debian repository may not be the latest version. To ensure we get the latest version, we’ll install Docker from the official Docker repository. To do that, we’ll add a new package source, add the GPG key from Docker to ensure the downloads are valid, and then install the package.

Install a few prerequisite packages which let apt use packages over HTTPS:

sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common


Then add the GPG key for the official Docker repository to your system:

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -


Add the Docker repository to APT sources:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable"


Next, update the package database with the Docker packages from the newly added repo:

sudo apt update


Make sure you are about to install from the Docker repo instead of the default Debian repo:

apt-cache policy docker-ce


You’ll see output like this, although the version number for Docker may be different:

Output of apt-cache policy docker-ce
docker-ce:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 5:20.10.12~3-0~debian-buster
  Version table:
     5:20.10.12~3-0~debian-buster 500
        500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian buster/stable amd64 Packages

Notice that docker-ce is not installed, but the candidate for installation is from the Docker repository for Debian 10 (buster).

Finally, install Docker:

sudo apt install docker-ce


Docker is now installed, the daemon started, and the process enabled to start on boot. Check that it’s running:

sudo systemctl status docker


The output will be similar to the following, showing that the service is active and running:

Output
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2019-07-08 15:11:19 UTC; 58s ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 5709 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 8
   Memory: 31.6M
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           └─5709 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

Installing Docker gives you not just the Docker service (daemon) but also the docker command line utility, or the Docker client. We’ll explore how to use the docker command later in this tutorial.

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